Hydraulic Axial Pump

Hydraulic axial pumps are important components used to transmit liquid under pressure in hydraulic systems. These pumps are known for their high efficiency, high pressure resistance, and adjustable flow capacities. Axial pumps move the liquid in the axial direction (i.e. in the same direction as the pump shaft) and convert it into mechanical energy. These pumps are usually classified as pump systems that can provide fixed or variable flow rates.

1. What is a Hydraulic Axial Pump?

A hydraulic axial pump is a type of pump that moves liquids in the axial direction and increases the liquid pressure to produce hydraulic energy. In axial pumps, the liquid is compressed towards the axial direction of the pump rotors to high pressure. These types of pumps are known for their high efficiency and wide flow ranges.

2. Working Principle of Hydraulic Axial Pump

Hydraulic axial pumps rely on the movement of a series of inclined pistons. In the pump, the inclined pistons are rotated by a rotor. As the rotor turns, the pistons draw in the liquid and then direct the liquid to the pump outlet at high pressure. During this process, the liquid is compressed by the pistons, increasing the pressure.

Axial pumps have different working principles with two main types:

• Fixed-Displacement Axial Pump: The flow rate of liquid is constant in this type of pump, and flow adjustments are made manually. Fixed-displacement axial pumps are used in systems operating at a fixed speed.

• Variable-Displacement Axial Pump: The flow rate can be adjusted by changing the inclination of the rotor. These pumps are systems that can dynamically adjust according to flow requirements. They are often preferred in various industrial and mobile applications.

3. Features of Hydraulic Axial Pump

• High Efficiency: Axial pumps provide high efficiency with low energy loss. There is minimal friction and flow loss during the transmission of liquids.

• High Pressure Capacity: These pumps can be designed to operate under high pressure and can usually operate at pressures up to around 300 bars.

• Variable Flow: Axial pumps, through their variable displacement models, can adjust the flow rate according to different load conditions. This feature ensures efficient energy usage according to the application's requirements.

• Complex Design: These pumps can have more complex designs due to their internal mechanisms, but in return, they offer high performance and precise control.

• Low Noise Level: Axial pumps can operate more quietly due to proper design and sealing technologies.

4. Types of Hydraulic Axial Pump

Hydraulic axial pumps can be of several different types based on their working principles:

• Piston Axial Pump: The pump has a series of pistons moving in the axial direction. A rotor rotates these pistons to perform the pumping process.

• Dual Axial Pump: This is a combination of both fixed and variable displacement pumps. These pumps are used to meet different flow requirements.

• Fixed-Inclination Axial Pump: The angle in the rotor and piston is fixed, and the flow is constant. These are used in machines that operate at a fixed speed.

• Variable-Inclination Axial Pump: The angle in the rotor and piston can be adjusted, allowing automatic adjustment according to flow requirements.

5. Advantages of Hydraulic Axial Pump

• High Pressure Capacity: Axial pumps are designed to operate under high pressures, making them ideal for powerful hydraulic systems.

• Variable Flow: Systems can adjust the flow rate according to their requirements with variable displacement models. This results in energy savings.

• High Efficiency and Power: Axial pumps with high-efficiency designs can meet large power requirements.

• Compact Structure: These pumps are usually designed to be compact and space-saving, making them ideal for use in tight spaces.

6. Disadvantages of Hydraulic Axial Pump

• High Cost: Axial pumps can be more expensive due to their generally more complex structures. Especially variable displacement models can be more costly.

• More Complex Maintenance: Because of their more complex working principles, maintenance and repair processes can be more troublesome compared to other pumps.

• Noise: When operating at high speeds, some axial pumps can generate noise.

7. Applications of Hydraulic Axial Pump

Hydraulic axial pumps are used in various industrial applications where powerful and efficient hydraulic systems are required. Here are some common usage areas:

• Construction Machinery: Used in hydraulic systems of excavators, loaders, and other large construction machinery.

• Mobile Applications: Found in hydraulic steering, braking, and other hydraulic systems in vehicles.

• Industrial Production: Commonly used in factories, robotic machines, press machines, and other automation systems.

• Agricultural Machinery: Used in tractors and other agricultural machinery to perform various operations using liquid pressure in the field.

• Marine and Energy Applications: Used to provide hydraulic power in ships, submarines, and energy production facilities.

8. Selection of Hydraulic Axial Pump

Factors to consider when selecting a hydraulic axial pump include:

• Pressure Requirements: A pump compatible with the maximum operating pressure of your system should be selected.

• Flow Requirement: A pump, whether fixed or variable displacement, should be selected according to the application's requirements.

• Energy Efficiency: For an efficient system, choose a pump that consumes low energy and provides high efficiency.

• Speed and Capacity: The pump should meet the speed and capacity requirements of the application.