Hydraulische Zahnradpumpe

Hydraulic gear pumps are a commonly used type of hydraulic pump for moving fluids under pressure. These pumps, through gear mechanisms, suck up fluid and deliver it to the system under pressure to provide hydraulic power. Gear pumps are known for their simple structures, durability, and low cost, making them ideal for many industrial applications.

1. What is a Hydraulic Gear Pump?

A hydraulic gear pump provides pressure in the system by moving fluids in and out through the interaction of two gears (usually internal and external gears). Gear pumps typically provide a constant flow rate and use mechanical movement for fluid suction and discharge.

2. Working Principle of Hydraulic Gear Pump

The working principle of hydraulic gear pumps is based on pulling and compressing fluid as the gears rotate. The gaps between the gears suck in the fluid as they rotate and then direct this fluid out under pressure. The movement during operation creates pressure on the fluid, thus transmitting hydraulic power.

• Internal Gear Pump (Fixed Displacement Gear Pump): In this type of pump, the internal gear remains fixed while the external gear rotates. The fluid is sucked in as the external gear turns and is pumped out at high pressure.

• External Gear Pump: Here, two external gears rotate together. The fluid is compressed between the gears and discharged outward.

3. Types of Hydraulic Gear Pumps

Hydraulic gear pumps are generally divided into two main types based on their structures:

• Internal Gear Pump (True Gear Pump): The internal gear remains stationary while the external gear rotates. The internal gear takes in the fluid and the external gear pumps it out.

• External Gear Pump: Two external gears rotate together. The gaps between the gears suck in and compress the fluid, converting it into high pressure.

4. Features of Hydraulic Gear Pumps

• Simple Structure: Gear pumps have a simpler structure compared to other hydraulic pumps, making them cost-effective and easy to maintain.

• Low Displacement: They generally provide a fixed flow rate and may not be suitable for high-flow systems.

• High Durability: Gear pumps can work in harsh conditions and have a long lifespan.

• High Pressure: Most gear pumps can operate in average pressure systems. However, more specialized designs are produced to withstand high pressures.

• Leakage: The seals of gear pumps can affect the efficiency of the system, so proper maintenance and correct assembly are important.

5. Advantages of Hydraulic Gear Pumps

• Easy Maintenance: Gear pumps are easy to maintain due to their simple structure.

• Long Life: Gear pumps made of durable materials are long-lasting and can withstand high operating hours.

• High Efficiency: They can operate efficiently even at low speeds and provide a constant flow rate.

• Low Cost: Gear pumps are generally affordable pump options.

6. Disadvantages of Hydraulic Gear Pumps

• Low Flow Capacity: Gear pumps may not be efficient in large systems with high flow requirements due to their fixed displacement nature.

• Noise Level: Gear pumps can generate mechanical noise, especially at high speeds.

• Leakage Risk: The pump can cause fluid leaks if low-quality sealing elements are used.

7. Applications of Hydraulic Gear Pumps

Due to their simple structures and durability, hydraulic gear pumps are used in many industrial applications. Here are common areas of use:

• Construction Equipment: Hydraulic gear pumps are used to provide fluid pressure in cranes, excavators, and other heavy machinery.

• Agricultural Machinery: Tractors and agricultural machinery use hydraulic gear pumps.

• Automotive Sector: They are used in vehicles for steering, braking, and other hydraulic systems.

• Industrial Applications: Hydraulic power is provided in production and industrial machinery.

• Maritime: They are also frequently used in ships and marine equipment.

8. Selecting a Hydraulic Gear Pump

Key factors to consider when choosing a hydraulic gear pump include:

• Flow Requirement: The flow rate of fluid directly affects the capacity of the pump to be selected.

• Operating Pressure: The maximum operating pressure in the system is a decisive factor in pump selection.

• Oil Type: The viscosity of the hydraulic fluid to be used may affect the pump type.

• Temperature Conditions: The temperature at which the system operates is important for the durability of the pump material.

• Noise Level: In applications where noise level is crucial, gear pumps that operate quietly should be preferred.